Which of the following techniques is essential for promoting critical thinking?

Open-ended questions are essential for promoting critical thinking because they encourage learners to explore concepts more deeply and articulate their understanding in their own words. These types of questions require students to think critically about their responses, analyze information, and reflect on different perspectives. They do not have a single correct answer, which promotes discussion, debate, and a richer understanding of a subject.

In contrast, multiple-choice tests typically assess recall and recognition rather than in-depth understanding, which limits the opportunity for critical thought. Repetitive drills focus on memorization and practice of specific skills, which may enhance proficiency but do not necessarily engage critical thinking processes. Similarly, group memorization emphasizes rote learning and may inhibit individual critical analysis and independent thought. Thus, open-ended questions stand out as a key technique for fostering an environment where critical thinking can flourish.